مجله فانوس توانمندسازی جوانان از طریق رسانه
مطالب مرتبط
Saadia submissions
Psychology is the oldest and one of the newest scientific discipline them. Ideas about the nature of man and his many books of “religious and philosophical” fills. Even the fourth and fifth centuries BC, “Plato, Aristotle and other scientists’ ancient Greece with many of the problems that psychologists deal with them today, was grappling. Issues such as:
“Memory, learning, motivation (Motivation), perception (Perception), abnormal dreams and behavior (Abnormal Behavior)» Psychology in the past and had been raised. So the issue is fundamental psychological continuity between past and present one. Psychologists have explored the link between past and present interesting and useful to have and this has caused the “History of Psychology” as an academic field of study and even comes.
History of Psychology
Psychology Today we are dealing with it (at the level of academic and professional) branch is fragmented. Some psychologists functions “knowledge” are stressed, some unconscious forces Mndand and others interested in explicit behavior or processes “physiological chemistry” deal. It seems that these approaches do not have much in common, except that they are all interested in “human nature” are.
The only framework within which these issues and different perspectives together and makes them coherent content of the “history” is: the development of psychology as an independent scientific system.
In addition to the history of psychology itself “interesting story” is, where scenes of human drama, Tasravr, heroism, and even with the contribution of sexual and drug abuse (substance abuse) to be seen. Wrong actions, mistakes and misunderstandings always existed, but there is a clear change that have shaped modern psychology and explanations provided for the richness of its current.
Psychological problems of reconstructing the past
Historical data, the information that historians to reconstruct ‘lives, events and time periods. “And a lot of applied scientific data redundancy. Unlike scientific data, historical data can be “rebuilt or repeated,” said. Join a phenomenon of “all or nothing” is. What happens once and not again. This situation makes the historical data is viewed with suspicion, because there is always the possibility of distortion and error. Psychology in the reconstruction of the situation is the same. There are many cases in the history of psychology, which later turned out to be “false, false and distorted” are. For the distortions in the psychology major three sources can be named.
Missing data or prohibited
Sometimes distorted for “intentionally missing or unpublished data” is.including (most first years of the history of psychology) were unaware. Another example of these notes, “Sigmund Freud» (Freud) back. In his “1939 AD” in the passage of time and a lot of notes have been published.
But some documents, letters and Arsan Freud request late last century later the public will not be given. A psychologist Freud argues that history offers a variety of content. One of the eldest son of Freud’s letters to Freud by the year “2013 AD” has been sealed and the other to the “2032 AD”. An interesting point is that Freud was an adviser to a year “2102” Is not that 177 years after the death Avmntshr. This Dmyra to think what to put where there is a series Aygvnh it held?
Data distorted in translation
An Italian proverb says, “the translation of treason.” In this case, the data are available. But somehow been corrupted. Perhaps because of mistranslation from one language to another, “deliberately or inadvertently” self or the observer’s intentions related events have been altered. For example, the three basic concepts of Freud’s theory of personality structure (Id, Ego and Superego) terms are translated Freud’s ideas do not transfer correctly.
Verification data
Historical data may be recorded by the actions of participants in major events affected. They may be used to maintain or raise their social status, consciously or unconsciously, they provide us with incorrect information. For example, “no. F. Skinner »(BF Skinner) behaviorism known about their daily activities once wrote:
“I was studying at six in the morning Brmykhvastm until breakfast. The classrooms, laboratories and libraries going. During the day, not more than fifteen minutes I had planned.It was never so diligent study and exercise. He writes: “I remember more of what real life Prince, I remember his grandstanding.”
